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a) Saccharide was recently derived, in scientific language, from the Latin word saccharum, continuing Greek sakkharon, which was the name of a product imported from India during antiquity. As a matter of fact, this product was something like cane sugar used only in small quantities and mainly for medicinal uses. At that time in Europe, the general way of sweetening food and beverages was with honey. – Sugar was derived, through Old French, from Arabic sukkar, when the cultivation of sugar cane was introduced in southern Europe by the Arabian agronomists around the Middle Ages. Indeed, Arabic sukkar is, directly or indirectly, the origin of most European names for sugar, like Spanish azucar (from Arabic al sukkar “the sugar”), Italian zucchero, itself continued by German Zucker, Swedish socker, or French sucre, while English sugar and Dutch suiker are derived from Old French. We recognize the same Arabic origin in Polish cukier and Finnish sokeri (borrowed from Swedish), while in Romanian, zahar is related to Modern Greek zakhare^ “sugar”.
Above passage taken from: The European Polysaccharide Network of Excellence (EPNOE): Research Initiatives and Results; Ed. Patrick Navard ©2012; Springer-Verlag Wien eBook ISBN978-3-7091-0421-7; DOI10.1007/978-3-7091-0421-7; Hardcover ISBN978-3-7091-0420-0
b) https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/sugar#Etymology;
Above passage taken from: The European Polysaccharide Network of Excellence (EPNOE): Research Initiatives and Results; Ed. Patrick Navard ©2012; Springer-Verlag Wien eBook ISBN978-3-7091-0421-7; DOI10.1007/978-3-7091-0421-7; Hardcover ISBN978-3-7091-0420-0
b) https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/sugar#Etymology;